Development of Information Theory
Shannon defined information as reduction of uncertainty. Bit is the fundamental unit. Entropy measures information content and compression limits.
June 2025
March 2025
What Is Information Theory? Shannon, Bits, and the Mathematics That Built the Digital Age
A guide to information theory — how Shannon defined information, what entropy measures, how data compression and error correction work, and how information connects to physics and AI.
August 2024
The History of Mathematics: From Counting to Infinity
A comprehensive history of mathematics from Babylonian arithmetic and Euclid's geometry through calculus, non-Euclidean geometry, Cantor's infinities, Godel's incompleteness theorems, and the unsolved problems of today.
December 2023
What Is Game Theory? Strategy, Equilibrium, and Why People Cooperate
Game theory is the mathematical study of strategic interaction. From the Prisoner's Dilemma to nuclear deterrence, this explainer covers Nash equilibria, cooperation, auctions, signaling, and why the theory changed economics, biology, and political science.
January 2023
What Is the Butterfly Effect: Chaos Theory Explained
The butterfly effect describes how small changes in initial conditions can produce vastly different outcomes in complex systems. Learn the science behind chaos theory and where it applies.
November 2022
What Is Game Theory? Strategy, Equilibrium, and Why People Cooperate
Game theory is the mathematical study of strategic interaction. From the Prisoner's Dilemma to nuclear deterrence, this explainer covers Nash equilibria, cooperation, auctions, signaling, and why the theory changed economics, biology, and political science.
September 2022
What Is Exponential Growth and Why Our Brains Struggle With It
Exponential growth compounds on itself, doubling repeatedly. Learn why humans instinctively think linearly, how the chessboard problem illustrates exponentials, and how to reason better about them.